Are you dreaming of adding a spacious pole barn to your Delmarva property? Whether you’re planning a workshop, storage space, or even a “barndominium”, understanding the local building codes and regulations is essential before breaking ground.

The Delmarva Peninsula—spanning Delaware and the Eastern Shore of Maryland and Virginia—has specific requirements that vary by county and municipality. Let’s explore what you need to know to make your pole barn project successful.

Understanding Delmarva’s Regulatory Landscape

The first step in building a pole barn in Delmarva is identifying exactly which jurisdiction governs your property. Delaware counties (Sussex, Kent, and New Castle) and Maryland’s Eastern Shore counties (Wicomico, Worcester, Caroline, and others) each have their own building codes and permitting processes.

If your property sits within town or city limits, you’ll likely need to follow municipal rules that may differ from county regulations. And don’t forget about HOA restrictions if you live in a planned community—these can sometimes be even stricter than government requirements.

Delaware Building Code Overview

New Castle County Building Code

The Department of Land Use regulates construction based on the following Codes listed below:

• International Building Code, 2021 edition
• International Residential Code, 2021 edition
• International Existing Building Code, 2021 edition
• International Swimming Pool and Spa Code, 2021 edition
• International Energy Conservation Code 2018
• International Mechanical Code, 2021 edition
• International Fuel Gas Code, 2021 edition
• International Plumbing Code, 2021 edition

Also, the Unified Development Code states that chimneys, cornices, and eaves can stick out up to two feet into any required yard space.

Kent County Building Code

Below are the State of Delaware building codes as adopted by Kent County:

• International Plumbing Code 2021 (IPC) -with Amendments

• International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) 2018

• National Fire Code (NFPA1) 2021 Edition

• National Electric Code (NFPA70) 2020 Edition

• National Life Safety Code (NFPA101) 2021 Edition

• State of Delaware Manufactured Housing Installation Licensing 

• Senate Bill 79, 2500 In-building Communication Systems Regulation (Communications Systems for buildings 25,000 square feet and over)

• Standards for Accessibility (ANSI 117.1) 2017 Edition

• National Fuel Gas Code (NFPA 54) 2021 Edition

In accordance with Title 16 of the Delaware Code, Kent County adopts and enforces building, plumbing, electrical, and related codes. Additionally, starting December 31, 2030, all new commercial buildings must be constructed to be zero net energy capable, as mandated by the same code.

Sussex County Building Code

In accordance with Chapter 52 of the Sussex County Code, building codes are actively enforced. The Building Code Office handles plan reviews and inspections for commercial, single-family, and multi-family projects. Meanwhile, the Planning and Zoning Commission is responsible for reviewing all new development proposals.

Maryland Building Code Overview

Carroll County

• Permits Needed: Building permit is a must; get electrical and plumbing permits if your project needs them.
  
• Site Approval: Zoning and Health departments must approve your location.
  
• Plans to Submit: Include detailed drawings of your site and structure.
  
• Inspections: You’ll need to pass footing, framing, and final inspections.

Frederick County

• What You Need: Submit site plans, structural drawings, and elevation views.
  
• Clarify Use: State how you’ll use the building and note any nearby tank storage.
  
• Extra Permits: Separate permits needed for plumbing and electrical work.

Calvert County

• Permit Rule: Any accessory building over 200 sq. ft. needs a permit.
  
• Other Permits: You may also need plumbing, electrical, grading, or water/sewer permits.
  
• Special Zones: If your site is in a historic area or Critical Area, extra rules apply.

Also Read: Building a Barndominium on the Delmarva Peninsula: A Step-by-Step Guide

Permitting Process for Pole Barns in Delmarva

Regardless of size or intended use, pole barns in most Delmarva jurisdictions require building permits. Here’s what you’ll need to prepare:

Construction Plans

County building departments typically require detailed construction drawings that include:

• Foundation/post layout showing size, depth, and spacing
• Floor plan with dimensions and door/window locations
• Cross-sections detailing wall and roof construction
• Elevations showing all sides of the structure

For metal structures or those with non-standard designs, plans may need to be stamped by a Delaware or Maryland licensed engineer or architect.

Site Plan Requirements

Your permit application must include a site plan showing:

• Property boundaries
• Location of existing structures
• Proposed pole barn placement
• Distances to property lines
• Location of septic systems, wells, and other utilities

Most counties require site plans to be drawn to scale, typically 1 inch = 20 feet or similar.

Special Considerations

If your pole barn will include plumbing or electricity, additional permits will be required. And if you’re planning living space within your pole barn (a growing trend in Delmarva), you’ll need to meet full residential code requirements, including proper insulation, egress windows, and all other standards applied to homes.

Also Read: Do I Really Need Post Protectors On My Pole Building?

Building Code Requirements for Delmarva Pole Barns

Delmarva’s coastal location means your pole barn must be built to withstand significant wind loads—typically 115-140 mph, depending on your exact location. Snow load requirements generally range from 20-30 pounds per square foot.

Posts must be set below the frost line—usually 36 inches or deeper in the Delmarva region—to prevent shifting during freeze-thaw cycles. Concrete footings may be required depending on soil conditions and building size.

Energy codes apply if your structure will be heated or cooled. While purely agricultural structures may be exempt from some energy code provisions, any space intended for human occupancy must comply with insulation and efficiency standards.

Navigating HOA and Neighborhood Restrictions

If your property is governed by a Homeowners Association, you’ll need to obtain approval before proceeding with county permits. HOA design guidelines often restrict:

• Exterior colors and materials
• Roof styles
• Maximum sizes
• Placement on your property

Always get written HOA approval before spending money on permits or materials.

Working with Local Professionals

While it’s possible to manage your pole barn project yourself, working with local builders familiar with Delmarva codes can save time and prevent costly mistakes. Companies specializing in pole barns throughout the peninsula understand the unique requirements of each county and can often handle the permitting process on your behalf.

Local builders also have established relationships with suppliers and subcontractors, potentially reducing both costs and construction time.

Common Pitfalls When Building a Pole Barn in Delmarva

Even with careful planning, pole barn projects can encounter obstacles. Here are some common issues to avoid:

Skipping Permits

The temptation to avoid permits is strong, especially for what seems like a simple structure. However, unpermitted buildings can result in fines, forced removal, or problems when selling your property.

Ignoring Setbacks

Placing your barn too close to property lines is one of the most common violations. Double-check setback requirements and verify your property boundaries before construction.

Underestimating Costs

Between permitting fees, site preparation, materials, and labor, pole barns often cost more than initially expected. Budget for contingencies of 10-20% beyond your initial estimate.

Also Read: Creating the Ultimate Delmarva Pool House: Pole Barn Design Ideas and Inspiration

Timeline for Your Delmarva Pole Barn Project

From initial planning to completion, expect your pole barn project to take several months:

• Research and planning: 2-4 weeks
• Design and engineering: 2-4 weeks
• Permitting: 1-4 weeks
• Construction: 2-8 weeks (weather dependent)

The permitting phase can vary significantly depending on your county’s workload and whether your plans require revisions.

Conclusion

Building a pole barn in Delmarva requires navigating various regulations, but the process becomes manageable with proper planning. By understanding your local codes, preparing thorough documentation, and working with experienced professionals, you can create a structure that serves your needs while complying with all requirements.